Objective To understand the nutritional status among children under 5 years old in Sichuan province. Methods 8 006 children aged 0 to 5 were selected with the random cluster sampling,and measured their height and weight,which were evaluated the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards. Results The prevalence of stunting,underweight and wasting among children under 5 years old in Sichuan province were 7.26%,2.74% and 2.87% respectively.The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 12.93% and 5.17%.The levels of malnutrition and overnutrition had significant differences between urban and rural area,boys and girls,and children of different ages. Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition is lower,and the incidence of overnutrition is higher.Measures should be taken to improve the nutritional status in accordance with rural areas,boys,different ages,reducing overweight and obesity is the key point of nutrition improvement in the future.