【Objective】 To evaluate the prevalence of anemia and its relation to nutritional status of children aged 0~2 years in Minhang distract. 【Methods】 Using stratified cluster sampling,72 149 children aged 2 years and born in 2008 were chosen from Minhang children health care system.And the children physical examination data were analyzed retrospectively. 【Results】 The prevalence rate of anemia in 0~2 years old children in Minhang distract was 1.81%.There was a greater proportion of anemia in six months old children.The prevalence rate of anemia in 0~2 years old children under different nutritional status in Minhang distract from high to low were obese children,overweight children,malnourished children and nourished children.The prevalence risk of anemia in overweight children was 3.14 times higher than that in nourished children.The prevalence risk of anemia in obese children was 3.27 times higher than that in nourished children.The prevalence rate of obesity and overweight in 72 194 children was 0.84% and 10.23%.The ratio of obese children and overweight children was 12.17 to 1. 【Conclusions】 The prevalence of anemia in Minhang distract is rather low,but overweight and obese people are high-risk groups to anemia.To control and prevent the prevalence of obesity and overweight is important work to prevent people from anemia in Minhang distract.