【Objective】 To explore the relationship between infant behavior factors and deciduous caries. 【Methods】 The dental caries status of 413 3~5 years old children were recorded according to WHO criteria,and the questionnaires were obtained from the parents.The related factors of dental caries were analyzed by chi-square test and Logistic regression. 【Results】 Helping children to clean the oral cavity in the deciduous adorable period,the habits of whether containing a tit to sleep after one year old,the habit of feeding food in the middle night after one year old.The three behavioral factors for early childhood caries had significant influence(P<0.05).The factor of helping children to clean the oral cavity in the deciduous adorable period was the most significant role in causing dental caries. 【Conclusion】 Deciduous caries prevention should begin in infancy and good oral hygiene habits should established for preventing deciduous caries.