【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of the overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Wenzhou. 【Methods】 Samples were collected from randomly selected nine primary and middle schools in urban,suburban,and rural areas of Wenzhou city from May 1st to Aug.31th 2011.Anthropometric data of these students were obtained.Height and weight were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated.BMI classification reference proposed by Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) 2004 used as screening reference to calculate the prevalence and trends of overweight/obesity in these students. 【Results】 Totally 9 657 students in primary and middle schools were recruited in current study,among which 5 114 were boys and 4 543 were girls.The median age was 12.5 years,ranged from 7 to 18 years old.The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity were 7.6% and 2.6% respectively.The prevalence of overweight and obesity in male students were significantly higher than in female students (9.8% vs 5.2%,5.2% vs 1.2% respectively,P<0.01).Among different age groups,the prevalence of obesity and overweight in 7 year old students was the highest(27.15% vs 7.955%).The prevalence of obesity and overweight in urban and suburban areas was significantly higher than rural areas P<0.01. 【Conclusions】 In contrast to most developed countries,the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the primary and middle schools was about 10% in Wenzhou.Intervention and strategies for obesity prevention should be targeting families in urban and urban-rural areas,perhaps with particular focus on boys.