【Objective】 To investigate the correlation between childhood neglect and coping styles of middle school students,and provide theoretical foundation for interventions among the target population. 【Methods】 The questionnaire was used among the target population who were randomly selected by multistage sampling method,and statistical methods included statistical description and correlation analysis. 【Results】 The most common style of childhood neglect was communication neglect.Active coping style was mainly used to deal with problems;and there were significant gender differences in dimensions of reasonable explanation,seeking help,abreaction.Childhood neglect had significantly negative correlation with active coping styles,but had positive correlation with negative coping styles.Canonical correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between emotional neglect and avoiding coping style,also positive correlations between safety neglect and illusion coping style.The results of stepwise multiple regressions indicated that influencing factors of negative coping style include age,gender,communication neglect and emotional neglect. 【Conclusion】 Middle school students had more possibilities to select avoiding and negative coping styles when they met difficulty or pressure if they had more serious emotional neglect in their childhood.