【Objective】 To obtain changing trends of main causes of infant mortality in Shandong province,analysis the composition of leading causes of death and change of their positions,probe into the intervention measures. 【Method】 Based on Foxfro database, the monitoring data from 2000 to 2009 on infant death were analyzed, and the infant mortality over the province and the changing trends were calculated and the changing positions were analyzed. 【Results】 The neonatal mortality had a declining trend over the province during 9 years. The neonatal mortality of 2000 and 2009 over the province was 20.47‰ and 8.47‰(χ²=7.86,P＜0.01 )respectively. Premature birth and low birth weight and birth asphyxia, which were the two leading causes of infant mortality, showed decreases during 2000 and 2009. 【Conclusions】 The neonatal mortality is on pre-position of infant death. To reduce the neonatal mortality is the key to reduce the infant mortality. A series of measures should be taken to reduce infant mortality, such as strengthening the management of perinatal care; integrating clinical and health care resources; carrying out systematic service before pregnancy, during pregnancy and after delivery; improving clinical treatment capability and capacity of maternal and child health services.