【Objective】 To understand the pattern of child injury through community based surveillance and to provide evidence for targeted interventions. 【Methods】 Children of 0~6 years old in 2 urban and 3 rural communities in Beijing, were included in the injury surveillance system by stratified cluster sampling. Injury data were collected at community primary health care centers and community kindergartens located in these communities. 【Results】 From 2007 to 2008, an average of 8,085 children per year were covered by the surveillance. Injury incidence rates were reduced from 2.09% to 1.75%. The main causes of injury were falls (49.52%), blunt object injury(12.30%), animal injury(10.36%), burn/scald(10.03%), and traffic injury(8.09%). The main causes in urban area were falls and blunt object injuries whereas in rural area were falls, animal injuries, and traffic injuries. The majority of injuries happened at home(32.04%),kindergarten(22.98%), courtyard/stair/corridor(14.24%), road(13.59%) and public places(11.33%). Head(50.81%), upper limbs(28.80%) and lower limbs(14.24%) were injured more frequently than other parts of the body. The majority of the injuries are unintentional, minor injuries. 【Conclusions】 Community based injury surveillance provides a viable source of data collection for child injury prevention. In urban area, interventions should focus on falls and blunt object injuries, whereas dog bites and injuries resulting from children getting their feet caught in bicycle wheels are the focuses in rural area.