【Objective】 To investigate the trend of blood lead level and its related risk factors among children in 2008 and 2009 in Hefei. 【Method】 Stratified clustered random sampling was used. A total of 3 394 children of 0～6 years old were investigated in 2008 and 2009, and the specimens were measured by multi-channel BH2100 atomic absorption spectrometry. 【Results】 The mean blood lead concentration of the boys and girls were respectively(47.06±23.30) μg/L、(45.09±23.30) μg/L. The blood lead levels of the boys in 1-year old group and 2-year old group both were significantly higher than that in other age groups. The girls in less than 0 age to 2 age groups were significantly higher than that in other age groups. Except Baohe and Gaoxin districts, the blood lead levels of children in other districts were significantly lower in 2009 than in 2008. The incidence of child's lead poisoning in 2009 was significantly lower than in 2008 overall the city. The following factors might serve as major risk factors related to child's lead poisoning, such as, father engaged in lead relevant professional, living in nearby highways (less than 30 meters), outdoor activity more than 3 hours, not washing hands before eating, and so on. 【Conclusion】 The blood lead levels of children in Hefei presented down a good situation, the publicity and education of poisoning hazards still should be strengthened and effective intervention measures on child also should be concerned and taken in to actions.