【Objective】 Applied principal component analysis in assessing preschool children physical quality in different areas of Beijing. 【Methods】 Excellent rate of physical quality indicators were studied which including: shuttle run, standing long jump, throw for distance, eet consecutive jump, seat proneness and walk balance beam by the principal component analysis of preschool children in different areas of Beijing from annual report. 【Results】 6 eigenvectors were4.860,0.691,0.221,0.142,0.058 and 0.028 with their contribution of 81.01%,11.51%,3.69%,2.37%,0.96%and0.47%.The first principal component (Z₁) reflected the overall physical quality level of preschool children, such as speed, sensibility, explosive force, throwing power, springing ability, balance ability and so on were better than the others. A sorting order of the principle component scores showed that the preschool children who living in remote counties had better physical quality than whose living in urban areas in Beijing. 【Conclusion】 Principal component analysis can generalize and reflect the overall level of preschool children physical quality.