Effects of optimal combinations of 24-hour movement behaviors on obesity among primary and secondary school students

ZHAO Shipeng

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-1239

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Chinese Journal of Child Health Care ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10) : 1139-1145. DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-1239

Health Promotion

Effects of optimal combinations of 24-hour movement behaviors on obesity among primary and secondary school students

ZHAO Shipeng

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Abstract

Objective To explore the associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and obesity-related indicators in primary and middle school students using optimal time zone analysis, so as to propose optimal time allocation combinations for pediatric obesity prevention. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to recruit 274 children and adolescents (143 boys and 131 girls) in Zhengzhou from April to May 2024. Obesity indicators were measured., including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage (BFP), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral fat tissue (VFA) area. Triaxial accelerometers were utilized to objectively measure 24-hour movement behaviors, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), and sedentary behavior. Sleep duration was collected via questionnaires. Optimal time zone analysis was applied to determine the optimal durations and ranges of these behaviors. Results The 24-hour movement behaviors of primary school students were significantly associated with BMI (F=12.45), WHR (F=13.59) and VFA (F=9.62) (P＜0.05). For middle school students, significant associations were observed between 24-hour movement behaviors and BMI (F=13.17), WHR (F=13.61), WHtR (F=9.94), BFP (F=6.44), and VFA (F=12.85) (P＜0.05). Accordingly, the estimated optimal daily allocations were 70 min (40-80 min) for MVPA, 255 min (240-290 min) for LPA, 580 min (440-610 min) for sedentary behavior, and 535 min (475-650 min) for sleep among primary school students. Among middle school students, the corresponding allocations were 76 min (45-90 min) for MVPA, 262 min (255-300 min) for LPA, 604 min (490-640 min) for sedentary behavior, and 498 min (445-610 min) for sleep, respectively. Conclusions The 24-hour movement behaviors of primary and middle school students are closely associated with obesity-related indicators. In the optimal time combinations proposed in this study, the durations of MVPA and SLP are generally consistent with current guidelines, while specific recommended ranges for sleep and LPA are supplemented, which may provide a scientific basis for optimizing 24-hour movement behaviors and preventing childhood obesity.

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24-hour activity behavior / optimal time zone / obesity / children

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ZHAO Shipeng. Effects of optimal combinations of 24-hour movement behaviors on obesity among primary and secondary school students[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2026, 34(10): 1139-1145 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-1239

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