Objective To determine the optimal parameter combinations of auditory stimulation frequency, duration, and music type for premature infants, in order to provide evidence for clinical interventions. Methods An L27(313) orthogonal experimental design was adopted. A total of 189 premature infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of NanjingWomen and Children′s Healthcare Hospital from April to September 2024 were enrolled in this study, and were randomly assigned to 27 groups. Range analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to evaluate the effect of three factors related to auditory stimulation (music type, stimulation frequency, and duration) on weight, length, and head circumference gain, as well as the time to achieve full oral feeding, the time to achieve full enteral feeding, and Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) scores. Results After excluding 9 ineligible cases, a total of 180 preterm infants were ultimately enrolled in the study.The type of music significantly affected the gains in body weight, head circumference, and body length, as well as the time to achieve full oral feeding and NBNA scores (F=4.673, 4.618, 4.528, 5.673, 7.528, P<0.05). Stimulation frequency significantly influenced the gains in body weight, head circumference, and body length, along with the time to achieve full oral feeding and the time to achieve full enteral feeding (F=4.760, 5.142, 6.318, 5.966, 4.748, P<0.05). The duration of stimulation significantly impacted NBNA scores (F=7.424, P=0.015). Furthermore, a significant interaction between music type and duration on NBNA scores was observed (F=4.031, P=0.044). Conclusions The optimal parameter combination for auditory stimulation in premature infants is maternal live lullaby singing administered three times a day for 30 minutes per session. It is recommended to prioritize this protocol in clinical developmental supportive care for premature infants.
Key words
premature infants /
auditory stimulation /
music therapy /
growth and development /
orthogonal design
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