Application and perspectives of the Peds B-SATED model in the assessment of children′s sleep health

FAN Panyu; WANG Xinhong; QIN Shiyu; ZHANG Xiaoying; TU Chuanyou; LI Lin; LU Jiahui; WANG Guanghai; SHEN Biyu

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0457

PDF(1273 KB)

Chinese Journal of Child Health Care ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4) : 454-459. DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0457

Review

Application and perspectives of the Peds B-SATED model in the assessment of children′s sleep health

FAN Panyu¹,WANG Xinhong¹,QIN Shiyu¹,ZHANG Xiaoying¹,TU Chuanyou¹, LI Lin²,LU Jiahui³, WANG Guanghai^4,5,6,SHEN Biyu⁷

Author information +

History +

Abstract

Sleep health profoundly affects overall well-being.This review summarizes the Peds B-SATED model proposed by Meltzer et al., which conceptualizes pediatric sleep health across six dimensions: satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, duration, and sleep-related behaviors, and analyzes multi-level environmental influences based on socio-ecological systems theory.Existing assessment models are largely western-oriented and poorly capture Chinese children′s unique sleep patterns and cultural contexts.Future work should prioritize cross-cultural validation, develop culturally adapted measures, integrate multidimensional subjective-objective data, and leverage artificial intelligence for real-time monitoring and personalized interventions to facilitate translation into clinical and public health practice.

Key words

sleep health / Peds B-SATED model / artificial intelligence / cross-cultural adaptation / socio-ecological systems theory / children

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

FAN Panyu,WANG Xinhong,QIN Shiyu,ZHANG Xiaoying,TU Chuanyou, LI Lin,LU Jiahui, WANG Guanghai,SHEN Biyu. Application and perspectives of the Peds B-SATED model in the assessment of children′s sleep health[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2026, 34(4): 454-459 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0457

References

[1] 何静文, 苏彤, 唐云翔.关注睡眠,关爱健康:《中国睡眠研究报告2023》解读[J].海军军医大学学报, 2023, 44(11): 1261-1267.
He JW, Su T, Tang YX.Care for sleep, care for health: Interpretation of Annual Sleep Report of China 2023[J].Acad J Naval Med Univ, 2023, 44(11): 1261-1267.(in Chinese)
[2] 中国睡眠研究会.2022中国国民健康睡眠白皮书[R].北京: 中国睡眠研究会, 2022.
[3] Matricciani L, Bin YS, Lallukka T, et al.Rethinking the sleep-health link[J].Sleep Health, 2018, 4(4): 339-348.
[4] Buysse DJ.Sleep health: Can we define it? Does it matter?[J].Sleep, 2014, 37(1): 9-17.
[5] Lee S, Lawson KM.Beyond single sleep measures: A composite measure of sleep health and its associations with psychological and physical well-being in adulthood[J].Soc Sci Med, 2021, 274: 113800.
[6] Meltzer LJ, Williamson AA, Mindell JA.Pediatric sleep health: It matters, and so does how we define it[J].Sleep Med Rev, 2021, 57: 101425.
[7] Wu R, Wang GH, Zhu H, et al.Sleep patterns in chinese preschool children: A population-based study[J].J Clin Sleep Med, 2018, 14(4): 533-540.
[8] Yu T, Xu D, Fan J, et al.Homework, sleep insufficiency and adolescent neurobehavioral problems: Shanghai Adolescent Cohort[J].J Affect Disord, 2023, 332: 273-282.
[9] Rönnlund H, Elovainio M, Virtanen I, et al.Poor parental sleep and the reported sleep quality of their children[J].Pediatrics, 2016, 137(4): e20153425.
[10] Meltzer LJ, Paisley C.Beyond polysomnography: Clinical assessment of pediatric sleep health and sleep problems[J].Sleep Med Clin, 2023, 18(2): 147-160.
[11] Villalba-Heredia L, Rodríguez C, Santana Z, et al.A cross-sectional study to measure physical activity with accelero-metry in ADHD children according to presentations[J].Children (Basel), 2022, 10(1): 50.
[12] 周晶, 李维, 汤艳君, 等.学前儿童午间睡眠及其教养实践研究述评[J].宁波教育学院学报, 2021, 23(5): 7-13.
Zhou J, Li W, Tang YJ, et al.ALiterature Review on Nap and Nap Practice in Kindergarten[J].Journal of Ningbo Institute of Education, 2021, 23(5): 7-13.(in Chinese)
[13] 王念蓉, 叶亚.婴儿夜晚睡眠模式发展的前瞻性研究[J].中国当代儿科杂志, 2016, 18(4): 350-354.
Wang NR, Ye Y.A prospective study of the development of nocturnal sleep patterns in infants[J].Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2016, 18(4): 350-354.(in Chinese)
[14] 许志飞, 杨琴, 江帆, 等.中国儿童睡眠健康百问百答[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志, 2023, 38(3): 169-191.
Xu ZF, Yang Q, Jiang F, et al.One hundred questions and answers about children′s sleep health in China[J].Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr, 2023, 38(3): 169-191.(in Chinese)
[15] Phillips AJK, Vidafar P, Burns AC, et al.High sensitivity and interindividual variability in the response of the human circadian system to evening light[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2019, 116(24): 12019-12024.
[16] Pifer GC, Ferrara NC, Kwapis JL.Long-lasting effects of disturbing the circadian rhythm or sleep in adolescence[J].Brain Res Bull, 2024, 213: 110978.
[17] Matthews KA, Pantesco EJM.Sleep characteristics and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents: An enumerative review[J].Sleep Med, 2016, 18: 36-49.
[18] Hartstein LE, Mathew GM, Reichenberger DA, et al.The impact of screen use on sleep health across the lifespan: A national sleep foundation consensus statement[J].Sleep Health, 2024, 10(4): 373-384.
[19] Kim J, Noh JW, Kim A, et al.The impact of weekday-to-weekend sleep differences on health outcomes among adolescent students[J].Children (Basel), 2022, 9(1): 52.
[20] Sundell AL, Angelhoff C.Sleep and its relation to health-related quality of life in 3-10-year-old children[J].BMC Public Health, 2021, 21(1): 1043.
[21] El-Sheikh M, Philbrook LE, Kelly RJ, et al.What does a good night′s sleep mean? Nonlinear relations between sleep and children′s cognitive functioning and mental health[J].Sleep, 2019, 42(6): zsz078.
[22] Liu J, Ji X, Pitt S, et al.Childhood sleep: Physical, cognitive, and behavioral consequences and implications[J].World J Pediatr, 2024, 20(2): 122-132.
[23] Bronfenbrenner U.The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design[M].Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1979.
[24] 张风华, 许茜, 乔秀英, 等.早产儿早期睡眠/觉醒模式与气质的相关性[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志, 2015, 30(02): 102-104.
Zhang FH, Xu Q, Qiao XY, et al.Relationship between the sleep/wake-up patterns and temperament in premature infants[J].Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr, 2015, 30(2): 102-104.(in Chinese)
[25] 陈冯凤, 韦念堇, 马晨欢, 等.注意缺陷多动障碍儿童睡眠质量问题调查研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2021, 29(1): 67-70.
Chen FF, Wei NJ, Ma CH, et al.Investigation on the sleep problems in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder[J].Chin J Child Health Care, 2021, 29(1): 67-70.(in Chinese)
[26] Craft AL, Perry JM, Herman R, et al.Parents′ nonstandard work and children′s sleep: The mediating role of bedtime routines[J].J Pediatr Psychol, 2021, 46(6): 719-728.
[27] Widome R, Berger AT, Iber C, et al.Association of delaying school start time with sleep duration, timing, and quality among adolescents[J].JAMA Pediatr, 2020, 174(7): 697-704.
[28] Wilhite K, Booker B, Huang BH, et al.Combinations of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration and their associations with physical, psychological, and educational outcomes in children and adolescents: A systematic review[J].Am J Epidemiol, 2023, 192(4): 665-679.
[29] Liu X, Liu L, Owens JA, et al.Sleep patterns and sleep problems among schoolchildren in the United States and China[J].Pediatrics, 2005, 115(1 Suppl): 241-249.
[30] Yan X, Wang J, Li H, et al.Experimental study on effect of background noise on deep sleep in bedroom[J].J Acoust Soc Am, 2019, 145(3 Suppl): 1659.
[31] Salm Ward TC, Doering JJ.Application of a socio-ecological model to mother-infant bed-sharing[J].Health Educ Behav, 2014, 41(6): 577-589.
[32] Zhu Y, Chen X, Zhao H, et al.Socioeconomic status disparities affect children′s anxiety and stress-sensitive cortisol awakening response through parental anxiety[J].Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2019, 103: 96-103.
[33] Hirano A, Hsu PK, Zhang L, et al.DEC2 modulates orexin expression and regulates sleep[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2018, 115(13): 3434-3439.
[34] Pavithra S, Aich A, Chanda A, et al.PER2 gene and its association with sleep-related disorders: A reviewPER2[J].Physiol Behav, 2024, 273: 114411.
[35] Zhai S, Hash J, Ward TM, et al.Analysis, evaluation, and reformulation of social cognitive theory: Toward parent-child shared management in sleep health[J].J Pediatr Nurs, 2023, 73: e65-e74.
[36] Bauducco SV, Flink IK, Boersma K, et al.Preventing sleep deficit in adolescents: Long-term effects of a quasi-experimental school-based intervention study[J].J Sleep Res, 2020, 29(1): e12940.
[37] Fiks AG, Jenssen BP, Ray KN.A defining moment for pediatric primary care telehealth[J].JAMA Pediatr, 2021, 175(1): 9-10.
[38] Brindle RC, Cribbet MR, Samuelsson LB, et al.The relationship between childhood trauma and poor sleep health in adulthood[J].Psychosom Med, 2018, 80(2): 200-207.
[39] Akre S, Cohen ZD, Welborn A, et al.Comparing self reported and physiological sleep quality from consumer devices to depression and neurocognitive performance[J].NPJ Digit Med, 2025, 8(1): 92.
[40] Davenport MA, Sirrianni JW, Chisolm DJ.Machine learning data sources in pediatric sleep research: Assessing racial/ethnic differences in electronic health record-based clinical notes prior to model training[J].Front Sleep, 2024, 3: 1271167.
[41] Malhotra RK, Kirsch DB, Kristo DA, et al.Polysomnography for obstructive sleep apnea should include arousal-based scoring: An American academy of sleep medicine position statement[J].J Clin Sleep Med, 2018, 14(7): 1245-1247.
[42] Henriksen A, Svartdal F, Grimsgaard S, et al.Polar Vantage and Oura physical activity and sleep trackers: Validation and comparison study[J].JMIR Form Res, 2022, 6(5): e27248.
[43] Cay G, Ravichandran V, Sadhu S, et al.Recent advancement in sleep technologies: A literature review on clinical standards, sensors, apps, and AI methods[J].IEEE Access, 2022, 10: 104737-104756.
[44] Kau LJ, Wang MY, Zhou HC.Pressure-sensor-based sleep status and quality evaluation system[J].IEEE Sens J, 2023, 23(9): 9739-9754.