Influencing factors and combined effects in children with tic disorder and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

CHEN Rong; CAI Yingying; LI Qinyu; CHEN Liangliang; LIU Xiumei

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0314

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Chinese Journal of Child Health Care ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12) : 1298-1302. DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0314

Influencing factors and combined effects in children with tic disorder and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

CHEN Rong, CAI Yingying, LI Qinyu, CHEN Liangliang, LIU Xiumei

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Abstract

Objective To explore the main influencing factors and their combined effects on tic disorder (TD) comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in children, in order to provide a theoretical basis for developing prevention and treatment strategies for TD with ADHD (TD+ADHD). Methods A total of 80 new cases of TD+ADHD treated in the Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics of Fujian Children′s Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were included as the observation group, and 178 new cases of TD-only treated in the same department matched by gender and age frequency of the observation group were included as the control group. A questionnaire survey was administered. Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in family history of TD (χ²=4.093), parental allergic disease (χ²=7.912), corporal punishment (χ²=10.393), criticism (χ²=19.457) and keeping pets (χ²=5.142) (P<0.05) between the TD+ADHD group and the TD-only group. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of ADHD comorbidity in TD children whose parents had allergic diseases and who experienced corporal punishment was 4.485 times that of TD children whose parents had no allergic diseases and who experienced no corporal punishment (95%CI: 1.915 - 10.505,P<0.01). The risk for TD children whose parents had allergic diseases and kept pets was 5.006 times that of those whose parents had no allergic diseases and did not keep pets (95%CI: 1.815 - 13.807,P<0.01). The risk for TD children whose parents had allergic diseases and who experienced both corporal punishment and pet ownership was 18.693 times that of those whose parents had no allergic diseases, experienced no corporal punishment, and did not keep pets (95%CI: 3.862 - 90.488,P<0.001). Conclusions TD comorbid with ADHD in children Results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Parental allergic diseases combined with corporal punishment and pet ownership significantly increase the risk of ADHD comorbidity in children with TD.

Key words

tic disorder / attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / parental allergic disease / corporal punishment / keeping pets

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CHEN Rong, CAI Yingying, LI Qinyu, CHEN Liangliang, LIU Xiumei. Influencing factors and combined effects in children with tic disorder and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2025, 33(12): 1298-1302 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0314

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