Advances in exercise intervention for pediatric obesity

WANG Yeyan; WANG Jinggang; GAO Li; ZHENG Haoxuan; CHEN Yongqiang; CAO Jianguo

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1396

PDF(628 KB)

Chinese Journal of Child Health Care ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8) : 878-882. DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1396

Review

Advances in exercise intervention for pediatric obesity

WANG Yeyan^1,2, WANG Jinggang³, GAO Li³, ZHENG Haoxuan³, CHEN Yongqiang^1,2, CAO Jianguo³

Author information +

History +

Abstract

In recent years, the incidence of childhood obesity has been rising annually, becoming a major public health concern.This condition has numerous adverse effects on children's physical and mental health.Physiologically, it can increase the burden on bones and joints and lead to metabolic disorders; psychologically, it often triggers emotional issues such as low self-esteem and anxiety.Additionally, childhood obesity significantly raises the risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension.From the perspective of rehabilitation training, this review comprehensively covers key areas such as exercise assessment, exercise prescription formulation, exercise method selection, precautions, and the treatment of complications.It elaborates in detail on the correct exercise intervention strategies for childhood obesity.The aim is to enhance healthcare professionals' understanding of exercise therapy for childhood obesity, optimize clinical treatment plans, improve therapeutic effectiveness and precision, and provide scientifically sound guidance for the prevention and management of childhood obesity.

Key words

obesity / exercise intervention / lose weight / children

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

WANG Yeyan, WANG Jinggang, GAO Li, ZHENG Haoxuan, CHEN Yongqiang, CAO Jianguo. Advances in exercise intervention for pediatric obesity[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2025, 33(8): 878-882 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1396

References

[1] 卢喜烈,杨庭树.内科学[M].9版.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社, 2021.
[2] Zhang X, Liu J, Ni Y, et al.Global prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].JAMA Pediatr, 2024, 178(8): 800-813.
[3] Sun X, Yan AF, Shi Z, et al.Health consequences of obesity and projected future obesity health burden in China[J].Obes (Silver Spring), 2022, 30(9): 1724-1751.
[4] Chung ST, Krenek A, Magge SN.Childhood obesity and cardiovascular disease risk[J].Curr Atheroscler Rep, 2023, 25(7): 405-415.
[5] Jeong SI, Kim SH.Obesity and hypertension in children and adolescents[J].Clin Hypertens, 2024, 30(1): 23.
[6] Babinska K, Kovacs L, Janko V, et al.Association between obesity and the severity of ambulatory hypertension in children and adolescents[J].J Am Soc Hypertens, 2012, 6(5): 356-363.
[7] 吴蔚, 傅君芬, 陈临琪.儿童青少年2型糖尿病诊治中国专家共识[J].中华儿科杂志, 2017,55(6):404-410.
Wu W, Fu JF, Chen LQ, et al.Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents[J].Chin J Pediatr, 2017,55(6):404-410.(in Chinese)
[8] Calcaterra V, Marin L, Vandoni M, et al.Childhood obesity and incorrect body posture: Impact on physical activity and the therapeutic role of exercise[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(24): 16728.
[9] Mueller S, Carlsohn A, Mueller J, et al.Influence of obesity on foot loading characteristics in gait for children aged 1 to 12 years[J].PloS One, 2016, 11(2): e0149924.
[10] Riddiford-Harland DL, Steele JR, Cliff DP, et al.Lower activity levels are related to higher plantar pressures in overweight children[J].Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2015, 47(2): 357-362.
[11] Stolzman S, Irby MB, Callahan AB, et al.Pes planus and pediatric obesity: A systematic review of the literature[J].Clin Obes, 2015, 5(2): 52-59.
[12] Cao Z, Wu Y, Li Q, et al.A causal relationship between childhood obesity and risk of osteoarthritis: Results from a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis[J].Ann Med, 2022, 54(1): 1636-1645.
[13] Ke D, Lu D, Cai G, et al.Accelerated skeletal maturation is associated with overweight and obesity as early as preschool age: A cross-sectional study[J].BMC Pediatrics, 2020, 20(1): 452.
[14] 孙欣怡, 徐昌富, 李海燕, 等.心肺运动试验在儿童呼吸系统疾病中的应用[J].中华儿科杂志, 2024, 62(6): 586-589.
Sun XY, Xu CF, Li HY, et al.Application of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in respiratory diseases in children[J].Chin J Pediatr, 2024, 62(6): 586-589.(in Chinese)
[15] Orr L, Datta D.Comparison of measured peak oxygen uptake during exercise testing with calculated peak oxygen uptake in pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Chest, 2017, 152(4): A1051.
[16] Vandoni M, Correale L, Puci MV, et al.Six-minute Walk distance and reference values in healthy italian children: A cross-sectional study[J].PLoS ONE, 2018, 13(10): e0205792.
[17] Rubinstein M, Eliakim A, Steinberg N, et al.Biomechanical characteristics of overweight and obese children during five different walking and running velocities[J].Footwear Sci, 2017,9(3):149-159.
[18] Wang W, Cheng J, Song W, et al.The effectiveness of wearable devices as physical activity interventions for preventing and treating obesity in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis[J].JMIR mHealth UHealth, 2022, 10(4): e32435.
[19] Chen P, Wang D, Shen H, et al.Physical activity and health in Chinese children and adolescents: Expert consensus statement (2020)[J].Br J Sports Med, 2020, 54(22): 1321-1331.
[20] Swift DL, McGee JE, Earnest CP, et al.The effects of exercise and physical activity on weight loss and maintenance[J].Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 2018, 61(2): 206-213.
[21] Bray GA, Frühbeck G, Ryan DH, et al.Management of obesity[J].Lancet, 2016, 387(10031): 1947-1956.
[22] Stoner L, Beets MW, Brazendale K, et al.Exercise dose and weight loss in adolescents with overweight obesity: A meta-regression[J].Sports Med, 2019, 49(1): 83-94.
[23] Hillari Raj P, Subramanian P, Nehru M, et al.Therapeutic impact of aerobic exercise on adolescents with obesity and its association with expression of miRNAs and cytokines: A clinical approach[J].Medicina (Kaunas), 2024, 60(3):459.
[24] Schranz N, Tomkinson G, Olds T.What is the effect of resistance training on the strength, body composition and psychosocial status of overweight and obese children and adolescents? A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Sports Med, 2013, 43(9): 893-907.
[25] García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Ramírez-Campillo R, et al.Concurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise alone to improve health outcomes in pediatric obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Br J Sports Med, 2018, 52(3): 161-166.
[26] Wang R, Tian H, Guo D, et al.Impacts of exercise intervention on various diseases in rats[J].J Sport Health Sci, 2020, 9(3): 211-227.
[27] Hsu YJ, Lee MC, Huang CC, et al.The effects of different types of aquatic exercise training interventions on a high-fructose diet-fed mice[J].Int J Med Sci, 2021, 18(3): 695-705.
[28] 李寅翰, 谭思洁.游泳运动对青少年肥胖患者身体机能的影响及其改善策略研究[J].当代体育科技,2022,12(1):31-33.
Li YH, Tan SJ.Effect of swimming on physical function of adolescent obese patients and its improvement strategies[J].Contemp Sports Technology,2022,12(1):31-33.(in Chinese)
[29] Bielec G, Gozdziejewska A, Makar P.Changes in body composition and anthropomorphic measurements in children participating in swimming and non-swimming activities[J].Children (Basel), 2021, 8(7).
[30] Blond MB, Rosenkilde M, Gram AS, et al.How does 6 months of active bike commuting or leisure-time exercise affect insulin sensitivity, cardiorespiratory fitness and intra-abdominal fat? A randomised controlled trial in individuals with overweight and obesity[J].Br J Sports Med, 2019, 53(18): 1183-1192.
[31] Comité Nacional de Medicina del Deporte Infantojuvenil.strength training in children and adolescents: Benefits, risks and recommendations[J].Arch Argent Pediatr, 2018, 116(Suppl 6): 82-91.
[32] Méndez-Hernández LD, Ramírez-Moreno E, Barrera-Gálvez R, et al.Effects of strength training on body fat in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: A systematic review with meta-analysis[J].Children (Basel), 2022, 9(7).
[33] Stricker PR, Faigenbaum AD, McCambridge TM, et al.Resistance training for children and adolescents[J].Pediatr, 2020, 145(6): e20201011.
[34] Cao M, Tang Y, Li S, et al.Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obesity children and adolescents: A Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(22):11905.
[35] Alghadir AH, Gabr SA, Rizk AA.Plasmatic adipocyte biomarkers and foot pain associated with flatfoot in schoolchildren with obesity[J].Rev Assoc Med BraS (1992), 2019, 65(8): 1061-1066.
[36] 林朝阳, 吴成亮, 钱帅伟.儿童青少年足底压力研究进展[J].中国运动医学杂志,2024,43(1):65-74.
Lin CY, Wu CL, Qian SW.Research progress on plantar pressure in children and adolescents[J].Chin J Sports Med, 2024, 43 (1): 65-74.(in Chinese)
[37] Abd-Elmonem AM, El-Negamy EH, Mahran MA, et al.Clinical and radiological outcomes of corrective exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in children with flexible flatfeet: A randomized controlled trial[J].Gait Posture, 2021, 88: 297-303.
[38] Li J, Yang Z, Rai S, et al.Effect of insoles treatment on school-age children with symptomatic flexible flatfoot: A 2-year follow-up study[J].Indian J Orthop, 2022, 56(11): 1985-1991.
[39] Del Prete CM, Tarantino D, Viva MG, et al.Spinal orthosis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: An overview of the braces provided by the national health service in Italy[J].Medicina (Kaunas), 2023, 60(1).
[40] Park JH, Jeon HS, Park HW.Effects of the schroth exercise on idiopathic scoliosis: A meta-analysis[J].Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 2018, 54(3).
[41] Curtin M, Lowery MM.Musculoskeletal modelling of muscle activation and applied external forces for the correction of scoliosis[J].Gait Posture, 2014, 11(1): 52.
[42] Tsirikos AI, Adam R, Sutters K, et al.Effectiveness of the boston brace in the treatment of pediatric scoliosis: A longitudinal study from 2010-2020 in a national spinal center[J].Healthcare (Basel), 2023, 11(10).
[43] Studer D, Hasler CC.Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in early onset scoliosis: A current concept review[J].J Child Orthop, 2024, 18(2): 113-123.
[44] Braun S, Brenneis M, Schönnagel L, et al.Surgical treatment of spinal deformities in pediatric orthopedic patients[J].Life (Basel), 2023, 13(6):1341.