Objective To characterize current intervention patterns for functional constipation (FC) in children in Xi′an, and to compare the effectiveness of different intervention strategies, so as to identify their strengths and limitations to inform clinical management. Methods From November 2022 to February 2023, a Rome Ⅳ-based questionnaire was administered via an online platform to primary caregivers of children aged 1 - 14 years with FC in Xi′an.Participants were stratified into <4 years and ≥4 years subgroups.The chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used to compare effectiveness across interventions and related factors. Results A total of 1 988 questionnaires were collected, of which 1 911(96.1%) were valid.Of these, 728 children (38.10%) received no intervention, whereas 1 183 (61.90%) received one or more interventions, including hospital-based treatment, pharmacotherapy, dietary adjustment, and physical therapy.Within each age subgroup, sex, residence, and only-child status were not associated with intervention effectiveness (P>0.05).Dietary adjustment was the most frequently adopted strategy and had the highest effectiveness in both subgroups; children with effective outcomeshad shorter initialintervention durationthan those with ineffective outcomes (both P<0.05).Hospital-based treatment effectiveness was associated with family cooperation (P<0.05).In the ≥4-year subgroup, lactulose, probiotics, enema/suppository, and traditional Chinese medicine/Chinese patent medicine were associated with higher effectiveness (P<0.001).Increasing vegetable and fruit intake was the most common dietary approach (92.97% vs.91.13% in the <4-year and ≥4-year subgroups, respectively). Conclusions Intervention strategies for pediatric FC vary substantially in Xi′an, and overall effectiveness remains suboptimal.Early identification and guideline-concordant, individualized multimodal interventions, together with caregiver education, may improve outcomes.
Key words
functional constipation /
treatment strategies /
compliance /
prognosis
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