Objective To investigate the correlation of advanced bone age (BA) with overweight/obesity in preschool and school-aged children from Gansu, in order to promote the nutritional intervention and health education in this region. Methods A total of 1 462 children (698 boys, 764 girls) aged 3-12 years who underwent health examinations at the Department of Child Health Care, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from February 2019 to October 2023 were included.Bone age was assessed using left-hand wrist radiographs, and participants were categorized into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups based on body mass index (BMI) criteria.Bone age status was analyzed across different sexes, nutritional statuses, and age groups, and the association between overweight/obesity and advanced bone age was further explored. Results In the overall study population, the proportions of underweight, overweight, and obese children were 7.11%, 8.41%, and 13.34%, respectively.The prevalence of advanced bone age and delayed bone age was 7.87% and 35.16%, respectively.Girls had a significantly higher rate of advanced bone age than boys (11.91% vs.3.44%, χ2=71.296, P<0.05).Children aged 9-12 years exhibited a significantly higher rate of advanced bone age (19.40%) compared to those aged 6-8 years (7.62%, P<0.05) and 3 - 5 years (1.01%, χ2=119.802, P<0.05).Compared to normal-weight children (5.77%), the prevalence of advanced bone age was significantly higher in overweight (17.07%) and obese children (16.92%) (χ2=99.176, P<0.05).Both overweight and obesity were identified as risk factors for advanced bone age, with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.488 (95% CI:1.435-4.314, P<0.05) and 2.330 (95% CI:1.463-3.710, P<0.001), respectively.BMI showed a significant positive correlation with bone age difference (r=0.361, P<0.001).Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) of BMI in predicting advanced bone age was 0.735 (95%CI:0.684-0.786, P<0.001), with an optimal cutoff value of 16.699 kg/m2(sensitivity was 0.696, specificity was 0.739, Youden index was 0.435). Conclusions Significant differences in bone age are observed among children with varying nutritional status in Gansu, with overweight and obesity strongly associated with advanced bone age.Regular bone age monitoring in overweight and obese children is recommended for early intervention to promote healthy growth and development.
Key words
nutrition /
body mass index /
bone age /
correlation /
children
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