Clinical characteristics and polysomnography analysis of children with tic disorder

GUO Yingying; ZHANG Tao; JING Yali; WANG Jing; YANG Changhong; MA Duting; XUE Yongxin; YANG Lin; ZHANG Jing

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1033

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Chinese Journal of Child Health Care ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11) : 1270-1274. DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1033

Clinical Research

Clinical characteristics and polysomnography analysis of children with tic disorder

GUO Yingying¹, ZHANG Tao¹, JING Yali¹, WANG Jing¹, YANG Changhong¹, MA Duting¹, XUE Yongxin¹, YANG Lin¹, ZHANG Jing²

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Abstract

Objective To explore the sleep characteristics of children with tic disorder (TD), in order to enhance clinicians′ understanding of sleep issues in these patients. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 50 TD children who visited the pediatric outpatient department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from June 2022 to June 2023. Polysomnography (PSG) monitoring for over 15 hours was conducted, and clinical and PSG characteristics were analyzed. Results The prevalence of comorbid sleep disorders in TD children was 70%. Among the 50 cases, reduced sleep efficiency was observed in 23 cases (46%), prolonged sleep latency in 19 cases (38%), and fragmented sleep in 35 cases (70%). Slow-wave sleep (SWS) was reduced in 7 cases, normal in 25 cases, and increased in 18 cases, with an abnormal proportion of 50%. Hypoxemia was present in 27 cases (54%), abnormal arousal index in 10 cases (20%), reduced total sleep time in 5 cases (10%), and decreased REM sleep percentage in 16 cases (32%). Abnormal EEG findings were observed in 18 cases (36%), with 16 cases showing frontal lobe discharges and 2 cases showing central lobe discharges. Reduced SWS was associated with the severity of TD, with severe TD more likely to exhibit reduced SWS, showing statistical significance (χ²＝7.103, P<0.05). Tourette syndrome showed more significant abnormalities in arousal index, with statistical significance (χ²=9.828, P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of comorbid sleep disorders in children with TD is as high as 70%. TD not only disrupts sleep architecture but also impairs sleep quality, adversely affecting the physical and mental health development of these children. Clinicians should pay greater attention to sleep problems in children with TD.

Key words

tic disorder / sleep disorde / polysomnography / children

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GUO Yingying, ZHANG Tao, JING Yali, WANG Jing, YANG Changhong, MA Duting, XUE Yongxin, YANG Lin, ZHANG Jing. Clinical characteristics and polysomnography analysis of children with tic disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2025, 33(11): 1270-1274 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1033

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