Objective To understand the epidemiological status of overweight/obesity in infants by the latest standards, and to evaluate the consistency of fat mass percentage (FMP) with body mass index for age Z score (BMIZ) andweight for length Z score (WLZ)in diagnosing overweight/obesity, so as to provide basis for accurate evaluation of overweight/obesity in children. Methods From March 2021 to October 2022, a multicenter cross-sectional study on body composition of infants and toddlers was carried out in Shandong Province, infants and toddlers with normal health were recruited as study subjects. An electronic questionnaire on basic information and parents′ characteristics of the tested infants was used in this survey and body composition measurement was conducted. Valid data of 11 472 cases were finally included. Results Taking the 2013 Assessment for growth status of children under 5 years of age as the diagnostic standard, the overall detection rate of overweight/obesity in boys and girls (＜2 years) diagnosed by WLZ were 6.6% and 6.5%, respectively; the total detection rates ofoverweight/obesity in boys and girls (≥2 years) diagnosed by BMIZ was 0.8% and 2.3%, respectively. Taking the Growth Standards for Children under 7 years of age issued in 2022 and implemented in 2023 as the diagnostic standard, the total detection rates of overweight/obesity in boys and girls (＜2 years) diagnosed by WLZ were 23.3% and 23.5%, respectively, and the total detection rates of overweight/obesity in boys and girls diagnosed by BMIZ (≥2 years) were 10.7% and 16.0%, respectively. The implementation of the new diagnostic criteria had significantly increased the detection rate of overweight/obesity. Taking FMP as the evaluation standard, the total detection rates of overweight/obesity in boys and girls were 22.9% and 21.0%, respectively. The new standards had resulted in a significant increase in the consistency between FMP and overweight/obesity assessed by WLZ and BMIZ, and a Kappa value of 0.95 for FMP and BMIZ in girls. Conclusions The new standards have significantly increased in the detection of overweight/obesity in infants and toddlers, which is conducive to early identification and intervention of overweight/obesity. The combination of body composition test with the new diagnostic standard for overweight/obesity in children in 2023 will facilitate the accurate assessment of overweight/obesity in children and the development of appropriate interventions.
Key words
infants and toddlers /
fat mass percentage /
body mass index /
weight for length /
overweight /
obesity
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