Objectives To investigate physical and neurodevelopment of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) in very low birth weight(VLBW) infants at correct gestational age of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, in order to provide reference for the intervention of NEC. Method A retrospective case-control study was performed to collect data of VLBW infants with NEC and without NEC who were followed up in the Neonatal Outpatient of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from April 2018 to April 2021. The perinatal characteristics of infants in different NEC stages were analyzed, the physical and neurological development of infants in each group were compared at correct gestational age of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Results 1) A total of 122 cases were enrolled, including 51 cases in non-NEC group and 71 cases in NEC group. According to the modified Bell staging, there were 39 cases in NEC Stage Ⅱ and 32 cases in NEC Stage Ⅲ. There were no significant differences in birth weight, gestational age, head circumference, body length and gender among the NEC- stage Ⅱ group, stage Ⅲ group and non-NEC groups(P＞0.05). 2) There was significant difference in the physical development at correct gestational age of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months among the NEC- stage Ⅱ group, stage Ⅲ group and non-NEC groups(birth weight F=13.31, 11.16, 10.28, 8.56; body length F=11.14, 7.32, 4.72, 8.18; head circumference F=9.69, 6.88, 10.42, 7.71, P＜0.05). 3) There was significant difference in the mental developmental index(MDI)/psychomotor developmental index(PDI) scores of Bayley Scales of Infant Development-Ⅱ(BSID-Ⅱ) at correct gestational age of 3 month(F=17.58,16.72), 6 month(F=15.32,13.25), 9 month(F=18.66, 18.58), and 12 months(F=15.43, 11.45) among the NEC-stage Ⅱ group, stage Ⅲ group and non-NEC groups(P＜0.05). Conclusions Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with NEC are related to multiple factors, including gestational age, birth weight and complications, etc. Therefore, it is supposed to pay more attention to the delicacy management of children at high risk of NEC to reduce the occurrence and severity of NEC, so as to improve the long-term prognosis of these children.
Key words
neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis /
very low birth weight infants /
psychomotor developmental index /
mental developmental index /
neurodevelopment
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