Objective To study the effect of anemia and small red blood cells on physical growth and neuropsychological development of infants, so as to provide reference for the management of infants with anemia and small red blood cells. Methods Children aged 6 to 36 months who received routine health examination in Child Health Care Department of Affiliated Hospital of the North Sichuan Medical College from January to June 2021 were included, and were divided into anemia group(n=74), small red blood cell group(n=228) and control group(n=143) according to the results of blood routine examination. The results of anthropometric measures and the revised Children Neuropsychological and Behavior Scale in different groups were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 445 infants were included. The Z-score of weight-for-age (ZWA) and Z-score of height-for-age (ZHA) of children aged 6 to 11 months and 12 to 36 months in the anemia group were significantly lower than those in the control group (F=12.618, 3.807, 21.266, 3.668, P<0.05). The ZWA and ZHA of children aged 6 to 11 months in the small red blood cell group were also significantly lower than those in the control group (Bonferroni-t= 2.433,2.823, P<0.05). The results of Children Neuropsychological and Behavior Scale showed that for children aged 6 to 11 months, the development quotients of gross motor, fine motor, adaptability, language and personal-social and total development quotient of anemia group were significantly lower than those of control group (Bonferroni-t=2.851, 5.554, 2.749, 2.681, 4.508, 5.158, P<0.05), and the development quotients of fine motor, language, personal-social and total development quotients of small red blood cell group were also significantly lower than those of control group(Bonferroni-t=4.317, 2.506, 3.598, 3.758, P<0.05). For children aged 12 to 36 months, the development quotients of gross motor, language, personal-social and total development quotient of anemia group were significantly lower than those of control group (Bonferroni-t=2.482, 3.038, 2.861, 2.711, P<0.05), and the language and personal-social development quotient and total development quotient of small red blood cell group were also lower than those of control group (Bonferroni-t=2.715, 2.939, 2.473, P<0.05). Conclusions In addition to anemia,microcytosis also affects the growth and development of infants, and requires attention and exploration of appropriate intervention strategies.
Key words
anemia /
small red blood cells/ microcytosis /
physical growth /
neuropsychological development /
iron deficiency
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