Objective To know about the dietary status of preschool children in nine cities of China, and to analyze the influence of different dietary behaviors on children's physical growth, so as to provide evidence for the targeted intervention. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in nine cities of China from June to October in 2015, including Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an, Wuhan, Nanjing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Fuzhou and Kunming.A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 53 155 children aged 3-7 years.The physical measurement was completed by uniform trained personnel and uniform measurement tools on site.The dietary behaviors were collected by self-designed questionnaire.The differences of physical growth between different dietary behaviors groups were compared, and the main factors affecting physical growth was determined by multiple Logistic regression analysis. Results 1) Among preschool children in nine cities, 34.0% were picky eaters; the percentage of drinking milk and eating eggs was 96.0% and 96.2%, respectively, and 54.3% drank milk and 30.6% ate eggs every day.2) The growth level of picky eaters was lower than non-picky eaters, the height SDSand weight SDS of picky eaters were 0.01±1.00 and 0.10±1.10, and those of non-picky eaters were 0.17±1.01 and 0.17±1.15.Moreover, among picky eater, the growth level of those who did not like meat, eggs was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.01).3) The growth level of children with high frequency of milk and eggs intake was higher than other groups.The height SDS and weight SDS of children who ate more than 6 eggs per week were 0.26±0.99 and 0.25±1.13, which were -0.12±1.02 and -0.20±1.10 for those who did not eat eggs.The height SDS and weight SDS of children who drank more than 6 packets of milk per week were 0.17±1.01 and 0.14±1.14, which were -0.14±1.04 and -0.21±1.15 for those who did not drink milk(P<0.01).4) Multivariate analysis showed that non-picky eating behavior was a favorable factor for children's growth level, while lower frequency of milk and eggs intake and picky eaters did not like meat, eggs and fish were the unfavorable factors for children's growth level. Conclusions The proportion of eggs and milk intake in preschool children has increased.Non-picky eating behavior, regular and adequate intake of meat, eggs and milk are favorable factors for children's physical growth.
Key words
preschool children /
eating behavior /
height /
weight /
physical growth
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