Objective To understand the health-related behavior status of Xi ′an urban and rural area adolescents and its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for adolescent health education. Methods By using random cluster sampling method, 748 adolescents were surveyed from September to October 2019 with questionnaires about exercise, diet, internet use, smoking, drinking, suicidal ideation and sex-related behaviors.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The reported rates of lack of exercise, dietary bias, smoking, drinking, excessive internet use, suicidal ideation and sex-related behaviors were 52.1%, 40.7%, 14.3%, 30.8%, 22.0%, 14.6% and 19.3%, respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for lack of exercise included female, high school students, weight, parents′ relaxed requirements, loneliness; risk factors for partial eating behavior included more monthly living expenses and heavy learning stress; risk factors for smoking included male, age, poor academic record, loneliness; risk factors for included male, age, more monthly living expenses, loneliness; risk factors for excessive online time included male, junior school students, parents′ relaxed requirements, poor academic performance; risk factors for suicidal ideation included living in town, only child, poor parental relationship, heavy learning stress, loneliness; sex-related behaviors included male, high school students, parents′ relaxed requirements and loneliness. Conclusions The rate of self-reported health-related behaviors is still high, especially the partial eating behavior.Boys are more prone to excessive internet use, smoking, drinking and sex-related behaviors.Loneliness and study stress affect multiple health-related behaviors.So it is supposed to strengthen the emotional guidance for teenagers and help the boys to establish healthy behavior.