Objective To investigate the occurrence of low birth weight in Lishui City from 2016 to 2019 and to analyze the influencing factors for low birth weight, in order to provide basis for reducing the occurrence of low birth weight. Methods Clinical data of 934 low birth weight infants born in Lishui Maternity and Child Health Hospital from 2016 to 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of low birth weight. Results From 2016 to 2019, Lishui Maternity and Child Health Hospital delivered 19 535 live births of fetuses, of whom 934(4.78%) were low birth weight infants.There was no significant difference in the incidence of low birth weight infants from 2016 to 2019 (χ²=0.019, P=0.891).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that preterm birth (OR=46.283, 95%CI:38.408-56.773), twins (OR=7.023,95%CI:5.347-9.223), female infants (OR=1.549, 95%CI: 1.304-1.841), pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR=4.945, 95%CI:3.262-7.498), premature rupture of membranes (OR=1.305, 95%CI:1.053-1.618), fetal distress (OR=2.103, 95%CI:1.515-2.919), placental abruption (OR=1.651,95%CI: 1.152-2.366),rural household registration (OR=1.274,95%CI:1.014-1.601) were risk factors for low birth weight(P＜0.05). Conclusions The incidence of low birth weight in Lishui City is lower than the national average, and attention should be paid to strengthening the perinatal management of pregnant women in rural areas, pregnancy with hypertension and twins to avoid preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes and premature abruption of the placenta, thereby reducing the incidence of low birth weight.