Objective To analyze the long-term development, respiratory diseases and dynamic changes of tidal pulmonary function in preterm infants with different degrees of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), in order to provide theoretical basis for early intervention and treatment for the long-term adverse prognosis of BPD children. Methods A total of 80 premature infants with BPD admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2017 to June 2019 were selected into observation group.According to the BPD classification, infants were divided into grade Ⅰ BPD group (n=45) andⅡ and Ⅲ BPD group (n=35).Meanwhile,50 non BPD children with the same gestational age and weight in the same period were selected as the control group.The incidence of respiratory tract infection and other diseases were compared, and the lung function parameters of the three groups were compared before 1 year old. Results There were significant differences in weight, height and head circumference between the three groups at 1 month and 6 months (corrected age of 1 month old: F=7.616, 10.942, 24.381; corrected age of 6 months old: F=3.795, 9.569, 4.481, P<0.05).There were significant differences in the number of lower respiratory tract infections, wheezing times and hospitalization times at corrected age of 6 months old among the three groups (F=17.750, 19.212, 7.384, P<0.05).In terms of the long function, there were significant differences in respiratory rate (RR), inspiratory/expiratory ratio (Ti/TE), time to peak (tPF%tE) and volume to peak (VPF%VE) among the three groups (corrected age of 1 month old: F=7.861, 9.909, 7.021, 6.825; corrected age of 6 months old: F=9.399, 6.545, 7.287, 5.538; corrected age of 1 year old: F=6.962, 8.099, 4.752, 8.549,P＜0.05).Among them, the tPF%tE and VPF%VE of BPD group were lower than those of non-BPD group at corrected age of 1 month old (P< 0.05).Only the tPF%tE and VPF%VE of BPD group were lower than those of non-BPD group at corrected age of 6 months and 1 year old (P< 0.05). Conclusions Children with BPD are more likely to have growth retardation, high respiratory prevalence and high tidal lung obstruction.
Key words
bronchopulmonary dysplasia /
preterm infants /
lung function
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