Objective To analyze the expression level of microRNA-155(miRNA-155) in asthmatic predictive index (API) positive and negative children with recurrent wheezing, and to explore the relationship between miRNA-155 and wheezing as well as eosinophil count. Methods A total of 40 children with recurrent wheezing in Yuhuan People′s Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled in the wheezing group, including 27 API positive children and 13 API negative children. Meanwhile, 40 healthy children were selected into the control group. The levels of miRNA-155, eosinophils, IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood of wheezing group and control group were tested. Results The levels of miRNA-155 and IFN-γ/IL-4 in wheezing group were significantly lower than those in control group(t=2.307, 3.839, P<0.05), while the number of eosinophils in wheezing group was significantly higher than that in the control group(t =5.278, P＜0.05). The miRNA-155 level and the IFN-γ/IL-4 value of API positive children in the wheezing group were significantly lower than those of API negative and control children (H=13.580, F=9.731,P<0.05). In the wheezing group, the number of eosinophils of API positivechildren was significantly higher than that of API negative and control children(F=22.303, P＜0.05). In the wheezing group, the level of miRNA-155 in API positive children was negatively correlated with the number of wheezing(r＝-0.566, P<0.05).The level of miRNA-155 was negatively related to eosinophil count in the wheezing group(r＝-0.630, P<0.05). Conclusion The decrease of miRNA-155 level may be a risk factor for wheezing, and the role of miRNA-155 in wheezing development may be related to eosinophils.