Objective To know about the current situation of child rearing risks for 0- to 3-year-old children in Jiaxing City as well as the existing problems in family rearing, so as to provide appropriate parenting suggestions for the families with children aged 0 to 3 years. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to select children aged 0 to 3 years who took physical examination at all child health clinics in Jiaxing City from June 1st to July 31st, 2020 into this study. Parents used their mobile phones to fill in the Nursing Risk Questionnaire for 0~6, 6~12,12~36 months old children and the self-designed Family Basic Circumstances Questionnaire online. Family intervention guide was given according to the risk factors. Results A total of 9 384 families with 0- to 3-year-old children were investigated. The positive rate of parenting risk screening was 30.48% for 0- to 6-month-old infants, 39.11% for 6- to 12-month-old infants, and 45.63% for 12- to 36-month-old children. The top three parenting risk factors for infants younger than 6 months old included having no breast milk (10.61%), less than 3 toys at home (8.34%), and at least 2 weeks of neonatal hospitalization (7.93%). The top three parenting risk factors for 6- to 12-month-old infants included not giving the iron-rich food (23.73%), nutritional disease (9.64%), and having milk less than 3 times a day (6.53%). The top three parenting risk factors for children aged 12 to 36 months were rarely having lean meat or eggs everyday (22.46%), no picture books at home (14.85%), and rarely playing with children everyday (9.87%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the fathers with higher education level(high school or college, bachelor degree and above) (OR=0.784,95%CI:0.697—0.881; OR=0.701, 95%CI:0.599—0.820), mothers with higher education level (high school or college, bachelor degree and above) (OR=0.815, 95%CI:0.724—0.917; OR=0.628, 95%CI:0.539—0.732) were protective factors for positive parenting risk, while male children may have a higher risk for poor parenting(OR=1.160, 95%CI:1.066—1.262). Conclusion At this stage, infants and young children aged 0 to 3 are generally at risk of poor parenting. Professionals at all levels need to strengthen health education urgently, guide family scientific parenting, help to avoid avoidable risks in family parenting, thereby protecting the health of infants and young children physically and mentally.