Objective To explore the applicability of Yan's Third-Generation Stereoscopic Test Charts(Yan Random Dot Stereo 3, YRDS3) in preschool children, in order to provide reference for choosing an appropriate method in preschool children's near stereoscopic examination. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1 021 children aged 3—6 years from 5 kindergartens in Haidian District.All children were examined for visual acuity, ocular deviation, YRDS3 and Titmus near stereoscopic examination.According to whether vision and ocular deviation are normal, children were divided into normal group and abnormal group.The stereoacuity results of the two stereopsis examination methods were statistically analyzed, and the stereopsis distribution characteristics of children of all ages were observed.The differences of stereopsis distribution between the two groups and the consistency of the two examination methods were compared. Results The success rate of 3-year-old children's YRDS3 examination was 86.0%, and that of 4-year-old children was 93.9%.There was statistical difference in stereoscopic distribution between normal vision and ocular deviation group and abnormal group(Z=3.891, 4.376,P<0.05).The P₉₅ values of 3-year-old, 4-year-old, 5-year-old and 6-year-old children's Titmus in normal group were 200″, 100″, 60″ and 70″, respectively.And the P₉₅ values of YRDS3 for those were 91″, 60″, 60″and 60″respectively.For children older than 6 years old, the results of YRDS3 were consistent with those of Titmus(Z=1.732,P>0.05). Conclusions YRDS3 is suitable for preschool children.The stereoacuity of 3- to 4-year-old children has reached 60″, which supports Guo Jing-qiu's conclusion that the stereoacuity of children is at 3 years old.