Objective To investigate the sleep problems of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),in order to provide reference for the comprehensive assessment and intervention of ADHD.Methods A total of 186 children diagnosed with ADHD and 215 healthy children aged 5 to 12 years were enrolled in this study from July 2019 to November 2019 in Shanghai Children's Hospital.Sleep onset latency,sleep time,sleep efficiency,sleep disorders and common sleep problems were assessed by using a questionnaire in aspects of sleep quality and problems,and the results were compared with those of healthy children.Results Totally 8.60% (16/186) of the children in the ADHD group had sleep quality problems,and it was 2.79% (6/215) in healthy controls,the difference was significant(χ2=6.495,P<0.05).Sleep problems mainly manifested in prolonged sleep time and decreased sleep efficiency,which were scored as 1(1,2) and 0(0,0) in ADHD group,0(0,1) and 0(0,0) in control group,and the differences were significant (Z=-7.090,-3.504,P<0.05).As for common sleep problems,the incidence of bed-wetting was 17.7% (33/186) in ADHD group,4.7% (10/215) in the control group (χ2=17.852).The rate of sleep disordered breathing was 7.0% (13/186) in ADHD group,2.3% (5/215) in control group (χ2=5.059).The rate of involuntary twitching during sleep was 23.7% (44/186) in ADHD group,12.1% (26/215) in control group (χ2=9.253),and the differences on the above indicators were significant (P<0.05).Conclusions Sleep problems are common in ADHD children,and the prevalence of involuntary twitching during sleep is high.Thus the comorbidity of sleep problems in ADHD children need to be evaluated and intervened in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Key words
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder /
sleep quality /
sleep problems /
children
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