Objective To investigate the vitamin A (VA),anemia and growth levels of infants and young children in Mianyang,and to analyze the relationship between vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and anemia and growth,so as to provide evidence for prevention and control measures. Methods Totally 1 090 children aged 0 to 3 years in the Department of Child Health of Mianyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected from May 2017 to July 2019.VA level and anemia were tested,and height and weight were measured and calculated by WHO reference value Z score and malnutrition rate. Results The average VA level was (0.28±0.07)mg/dl,and the detection rates of suspected subclinical vitamin A deficiency (SVAD) and VAD were 50.1% and 9.60%,respectively.There were no significant differences on the detection rates of VAD and VAD between male and female (P>0.05).The prevalence rates of anemia in VAD group and suspected SVAD group were 26.67% and 18.50%,respectively,which was higher than that in normal group 12.98%(P<0.05).The rates of low body weight,growth retardation and marasmus were 1.10%,3.49% and 0.73%,respectively.There were no differences on low body weight,growth retardation and malnutrition among different VA levels(P>0.05),but the excellent growth rate in VA normal group was significantly higher than that in VAD group and suspected SVAD group(χ2WAZ=9.124,P WAZ=0.003;χ2HAZ=6.014,PHAZ=0.014;χ2WHZ=9.276,PWHZ=0.002). Conclusion Mianyang is an area with mild VA deficiency,but more than half of infants and young children are at risk of VAD.Children with VA deficiency and insufficiency are prone to cause anemia and growth retardation,and it is necessary to actively develop prevention and control measures.
Key words
vitamin A /
anemia /
growth and development /
children
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