Objective To explore the physical development status and catch-up growth of premature infants aged 0 to 2 years old. Methods Totally 258 premature infants and 4 149 full-term infants were enrolled in Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from 2013 to 2015.The body weight,height and head circumference of the subjects were measured and analyzed at corrected age of 6,12,18 and 24 months. Results 1) Weight of boys aged 1 to 8 months and girls aged 1 to 6 months among preterm group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Length of boys and girls among preterm group in 1-month,3-months,6-months,8-months and 18-months group,girls in 1-year and 2-years old group were significantly less than those of the control group(P<0.05).Head circumference of boys and girls among preterm group in 1-month,3-months and 6-months,boys in 1-year old,16-months and 2-years old group were significantly less than those of the control group(P＜0.05).2) The body weight,height and head circumference of premature infants decreased gradually from 12 to 18 months of age.The catch-up growth velocity until corrected age 1 year old of weight and 18 months of head circumference of premature girls were faster than those of full-term infants,The body length growth rate was faster than that of full-term girls until corrected age 24 months. Conclusions Most preterm infants can achieve catch-up growth by improving their nutritional status,and catch-up growth of weight is better than length.It is suggested that attention should be paid to the role of nutrition and feeding in promoting the height of premature infants,and intervention and guidance should be selected to promote the height of preterm infants.