Objective To explore the effects of disease characteristics on the compliance of patients with attention deficient and hyperactive disorder (ADHD),so as to provide an approach to improving patients′ treatment compliance . Method Totally 72 ADHD patients aged 6~12 who visited psychology clinic of Wu Zhongpei Memorial Hospital from July 2016 to June 2017 were selected.Before treatment,all patients were measured for Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC),number cancellation test (NCT),and Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ),so as to approach their cognitive characteristics and disease attributes. Results 1) Verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) was shown to be a significant positive predictor of the treatment compliance of ADHD patients (F＝8.36,P<0.001,coefficient of determination 0.14).Both VIQ and full intelligence quotient (FIQ) were shown to be positive predictors of clinic visit times of ADHD patients (F＝10.17,P<0.01,coefficient of determination 0.22).2) The hyperactivity-impulsiveness subscale score of PSQ was shown to be a significant negative predictor of the compliance of ADHD patients (F＝9.24,P<0.001,coefficient of determination 0.15). Conclusions The disease attributes affect ADHD patients′ treatment compliance.