Objective To investigate the present situation of breastfeeding difficulties and its influencing factors in an urban area in Beijing,so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating interventions. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data of 120 cases of infants aged 0 to 5 months fed by breast milk and their mothers from Jan.1^st to Dec.31^th,2016.Participants were investigated with general information questionnaire and Via Christi breastfeeding assessment tool. Results The mean score of Via Christi tool was 8.2±1.4.Seventy percent of infants were assessed as low risk while the rest as medium risk.The items of "length of time before latch-on and suckle" and "latch-on" received lowest scores with 1.0±0.9 and 1.7±0.4.Exclusive breastfeeding during the first week after birth [OR=0.140,95%CI:(0.024~0.802)] and vaginal birth [OR=0.343,95%CI:(0.174~0.879)] were two protective factors of breastfeeding(P<0.05).Floating population [OR=8.679,95%CI:(1.558~48.338)] and preterm [OR=5.470,95%CI:(1.216~25.030)] were two hazardous factors(P<0.05). Conclusions The most problematic procedures during breastfeeding were "latch-on" and "length of time before latch-on and suckle".Priority attention should be given to infants with hazardous factors including floating population,mixed feeding during the first week after birth,preterm,and C-section.