Objective To learn the eating behavior status and influencing factors of preschool period and to provide some references for early intervention of unhealthy eating behaviors among preschool children. Methods A total of 330 preschool children's caregivers from 2 kindergartens in urban and suburban areas of Xi'an were selected by using stratified cluster sampling method from April and June in 2016,and were asked to finish the Preschool Children's eating Behavior Scale.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of children's eating behaviors. Results Totally 319 validated questionnaires were got back and the valid answering rate was 97%.The Results suggested that gender,mother's literacy level and family size were major influencing factors for children's fussy eating;only-child and family size were positive associated with food response;gender,mother's literacy level,average monthly income per person and family size had an impact on improper eating behavior;gender,family structure and average monthly income per person were major influencing factors for satiety response;only-child and family size were associated with external eating;only-child,family structure and family size were closely related to emotional eating;age,family structure and family size could influence children's initiative eating. Conclusion Family demographic characteristics can influence preschool children's eating behaviors,but different eating behaviors habit have different influencing factors.