Objective To investigate behavior problems of children aged 3-6 in Taiyuan City,and to analyze the impact of family environment on behavior problems of children in order to adopt targeted interventions to reduce child behavior problems. Methods The behavior and family environment of 1 143 children aged 3~6 years were assessed by Achenbach's Child Behavior Cheeklist (CBCL) and self-designed family environment scales,and the Results were analyzed statistically. Results Univariate analysis showed that seven factors influenced children's behavior development including parents' relationship,parents' educational level,education style,parents' expectation for their children,left-behind children,parent-child interaction and watching TV time.Multivariate analysis showed that five family environment factors were closely related to children's behavior problems,such as parents' relationship,parent-child interaction,parents' expectation for children,education style and left-behind children. Conclusions The behavior problem of 3 to 6-year-old children should not be neglected.In order to avoid the occurrence of behavior problems,it is necessary to effectively control the unfavorable factors in the family environment.