Objective To investigate psychological and behavioral problems of school-age children in Liuzhou using parent edition of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ). Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted from October 2014 to July 2015,and totally 11 205 students′ parents in 27 primary schools of Liuzhou were tested with parent edition of SDQ.And data on SDQ were compared among different gender and grade groups.Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical data,and t-test or variance analysis was used to compare the counting data. Results The detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems of school-age children in Liuzhou was 4.1%~36.9%,and the detection rate of total point of difficulty was 11.8%.The detection rate of emotional problem in girls (9.1%) was higher than that in boys (7.6%)(χ²=7.358,P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences on the total score of SDQ and each dimension.The scores of emotional problem and prosocial behavior of girls in were higher than those of boys,while the scores of conduct problems,hyperactivity,prosocial behavior and general difficulties in boys were significantly higher than those in girls(P＜0.05).There were significant differences on the detection rate of SDQ among children from different grade groups.The score of hyperactivity in lower grade children was higher than that in higher grade children,while the scores of conduct,peer interaction and general difficulty in lower grade children were significantly lower than those in higher grade children(P＜0.05). Conclusion The emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children in Liuzhou are serious,and early intervention should be conducted according to different grades and gender.