Objective To explore the factors influencing the quality of life (QOL) of school-age children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM),in order to provide reference for improving the QOL of T1DM children. Methods A total of 106 school-age children with T1DM undergoing treatment in Xi'an Central Hospital from were enrolled in this study from June 2016 to June 2018 and were investigated by QOL questionnaires developed by ZHENG Ling-ling.The scores of influence field,satisfaction field and the overall score in children were observed.Differences on questionnaire scores between children with different values of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were compared.And the factors influencing QOL of TIDM children were analyzed. Results The QOL scale was divided into two parts,influence domain and satisfaction domain.The average score of 106 school-age children in the influence domain was (82.37±11.44),the satisfaction domain was (25.41±5.77),and the total score was (110.54±18.89).The QOL of children with fasting blood glucose≤6.1 mmol/L was significantly lower than that of children with fasting blood glucose＞6.1 mmol/L (105.16±14.88 vs.142.26±20.61,t=10.064,P=0.001).Meantime,the QOL of children with HbA1c≤7.6% was significantly lower than that of children with HbA1c＞7.6% (103.67±19.26 vs.144.58±22.27,t=9.572,P=0.001).There was no significant differences on QOL among children in different sex,dwelling place and family income groups(P>0.05),but significant differences on QOL were found among children in different dietary compliance,insulin injections,injection times,blood glucose monitoring times and duration of disease groups (P<0.001). Conclusions The QOL of school-age children with T1DM is affected by multiple factors.So strict dietary plan is supposed to be made,and insulin pump is suggested to be used in the injection of T1DM children,so as to keep the fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels stable.