Objective To investigate the status of language nouns development, in order to know about the general rules of noun comprehension and expression in children aged 1~6 years in Jiangsu province. Method A random sample of 1 121 children was tested using the noun test section of the “language development assessment scale for children aged 1~6”. Results 1) Children learnt the name of the body part firstly, followed by the name of the item and the toy, and finally acquired the abstract nouns such as the upper word; 2) The development of children's noun understanding existed age threshold, the equivalent age of P₇₅ was 2 years old, and the equivalent age of P₉₀ was 2.5 years old; 3) The development of children's noun expression existed age threshold, the equivalent age of P₇₅ was 2.5 years old, and the equivalent age of P₉₀ percentile was 3 years old; 4) The average score on the noun test of girls was significantly higher than that of boys (P<0.005). Conclusion The development of nouns in children aged 1~6 years has specific characteristics such as acquisition order, age boundary value and gender difference, which are important for promoting early development and early intervention of children's language.