Objective To observe the improvement of feeding ability of the preterm infants with oral feeding disorders after oral motor intervention (OMI), to explore the correlation between gestational age, general movements (GMs) results and OMI times, and to determine the risk factors influencing OMI times. Methods Totally 89 preterm infants who completed camera shooting of GMs and received self-feeding through their mouths after OMI were enrolled from March 2015 to February 2016, and were divided into two groups according to their birth gestational age, including group of<34 weeks and group of ≥ 34 weeks.At the same time, the results of GMs assessment were classified into three categories, the OMI times between the two groups and different groups were statistically compared.OMI times was set as dependent variable, gestational age, birth weight and the age at the beginning of treatment, GMs results, complications of the digestive, respiratory, blood, nerves, and other system obstacles, and the total number of the symptoms were included as independent variables, and multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the high risk factors influencing the OMI times. Results The OMI times before reaching the feeding capacity required by the doctor, in gestational age<34 weeks group were more than those in the ≥34 week group (P<0.05).The OMI times of preterm infants with the better GMs result were fewer.On the contrary, the OMI times with poor GMs result were more frequent.According to the analysis of clinical manifestations, the worse results of GMs assessment, the smaller gestational weeks and the symptoms of the digestive system were high risk factors for the increase of OMI times in preterm infants(R2=0.34). Conclusions Birth gestational age is one of the factors affecting the feeding disorder of preterm infants, and the poor result of GMs assessment in preterm infants may indicate the existence of feeding disorder at the same time.The symptoms of the digestive system are also the high risk factor for increasing times of OMI in preterm infants, suggesting that digestive disorders may affect the improvement of oral function.
Key words
preterm infants /
feeding disorder /
oral motor intervention /
general movements
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