Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of breastfeeding among two-year-old infants in Anhui province,in order to effectively improve the breastfeeding rate in Anhui province and to provide a reliable basis. Methods Using random cluster sampling method,1 019 mothers with 2-year-old children who did regular physical examination were enrolled from nine Streets Community Hospital child health care Branch in three cities,and were investigated by using the questionnaires. Results The rate of exclusive breastfeeding rate within six months reached 61.9% in Anhui province.Breastfeeding rate (64.5%) and mixed feeding rate (31.3%) were the highest in Hefei.Fuyang showed the highest rate of bottle feeding (12.3%).The main reason for choosing bottle feeding was insufficient milk supply.In term of the benefits of breastfeeding,maternal awareness rate in Hefei and Wuhu was significantly higher than that in Fuyang.Multivariate analysis showed breastfeeding rates were related to mother occupation in Hefei and Fuyang,but breastfeeding rates in Wuhu were related to modes of delivery(P<0.05). Conclusions Medical institutions should reduce cesarean section rate,strengthen the publicity and popularization of breastfeeding knowledge by medical staff.Also,prolonging breastfeeding leave and providing maternal and child health room in public places may help to improve the breastfeeding rate.