Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of breastfeeding in poor areas of Anhui. Methods Children aged 6 to 24 months were selected as subjects from the program on "Nutritional improvement for children in poor urban areas of China".Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival curves and Cox multivariate step-wise regression was used to identify the relevant factors on the duration of breastfeeding. Results Median of the duration for breastfeeding was 10 months in poor areas of Anhui.Cox maltivariate step-wise regression showed that factors including mother care,mother's age,exclusive breastfeeding for 4 months or more and using bottle-feeding were correlated with the duration of breastfeeding. Conclusions Duration of breastfeeding for children in poor areas of Anhui is shorter compared with WHO standard.Intervention program should be implemented to improve the current status on breastfeeding in poor areas.