Objective To analyze the relationship between nutritional status and family eating behavior in urban and rural preschool children.Method A total of 352 preschool children were selected from 3 kindergartens of urban and rural district in Xiamen,and were evaluated for body weight and height,nutrition status and family eating behavior by questionnaire survey.SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze data.Results Preschool children's nutritional status:the incidence of children overweight obesity and growth retardation were 8.24% (29/352),3.13% (11/352) and 0.85%(3/352),respectivelly.45.5%(132/352)children's height were lower than medium height.Linear regression showed that birth height,parents' height,fish eating,average income were significantly associated with height-for-age(P<0.05).Children's weight-for-age was positively associated with birth weight and father's weight (P<0.01).Spearman correlation analysis showed height of children from city was higher that those in rural children.Children's BMI linear regression analysis indicated that quicker dine speed,more time on playing electronic products,expecting kids eating more,the more regarding overweight as healthy,then the higher the children's body mass index (BMI).Conclusion Long-term monitoring children's growth nutrition and eating behavior,as well as taking positive intervention targeting the problem,will help the healthy growth of preschool children.