Objective To examine the association between the levels of serum vitamin A,D,E with recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children and to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Totally 66 children with recurrent respiratory tract infections and 66 health children were selected as cases and controls in Child Healthcare Department of Changchun Children's Hospital in 2015,respectively.The levels of vitamin A,D,E were detected using high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Results The prevalences of RRTI in different age groups were significantly different (χ²=13.516,P=0.001).Cases had significantly lower serum level of vitamin A and higher rate of vitamin A deficiency than healthy controls (t=3.536,P=0.001;χ²=16.901,P=0.000).But serum levels of vitamin D and E were not significantly different between cases and controls,as well as rate of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin E deficiency(P>0.05). Conclusions Recurrent respiratory tract infection may be related to vitamin A deficiency.It is recommended to strengthen nutrition health education and advocacy activities,such as providing scientific feeding guidance to the parents and vitamin supplements to children,monitoring the levels of vitamin A,D,E in children regularly.