Objective To analyze the prevalence of permanent teeth caries among primary and secondary school students in Suzhou in 2015,to explore prevention focus and to provide scientific bases for the prevention and control of permanent teeth caries among the students. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods and caries prevalence rate,the percentage of decay missing filling,and mean caries of the tooth were used as measures to description of different ages,different genders,different students,different nature of school students in the case of permanent teeth caries. Results The total permanent caries was 8.4% of Suzhou in 2015,the total permanent caries were 0.18.With age getting older,the constant and permanent caries caries incidence showed an upward trend (P<0.001),the low age group of students at a constant rate of caries had rapid growth.Girls,urban schools,public schools had higher caries rate constant and permanent caries (P<0.01).Boys,rural schools and schools for the children of migrant workers had more serious situation (P<0.001). Conclusion Oral health care should launch in younger students,and rural schools and migrant school students' knowledge of oral health promotion should be strengthened.