Objective To evaluate effects of family intervention on early neurodevelopment of premature infants,explore factors of intervention effect,and provide evidences to early intervention for premature infants. Method sA total of 786 premature infants were followed up,Bayley Scales of Infant Development(BSID-I) was used to evaluate their mental development and motor development at corrected 6 months age.A nested case-control study was carried out by multivariable logistic regression analysis.Premature infants were stratified to analyze intervention effect in each layer. Results Family intervention could reduce the risk of poor mental development of premature infants(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.11~0.84),and stratification analysis showed that intervention effect was significant in boys,late premature infants,low birth weight premature infants and premature infants whose mothers' age were under thirty or parents' education were over high school.Family intervention could reduce the risk of poor motor development in low birth weight premature infants(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.07~0.90). Conclusions Family intervention can increase mental development of premature infants and motor development of low birth weight premature infants.Factors of premature infants and their family can influence intervention effect.