Objective To compare the features of the children's temperament,the behavior problems and parental rearing patterns in children aged 8～12 among Uyghur ethnicity,Kazakand ethnicity and Han ethnicity. Methods The total of 876 children (including 295 Uyghur ethnicity,276 Kazakand ethnicity and 305 Han ethnicity)aged 8~12 years old from six primary schools in Urumqi were randomly sampled.All students and their parents were assessed using "Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU)" scale,"Middle Childhood Temperament Questionnaire (MCTQ)" and "Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire ( PSQ )". Results 1)Compared with the Han ethnicity group,the children of Uyghur ethnicity and Kazakand ethnicity got higher scores on FF1,FF3,FF4,MF1,MF2,MF5(P<0.05).2)The children of Kazak ethnicity got higher scores on activity and persistence factors of MCTQ(P<0.05).And the children of Uyghur ethnicity and Kazakand ethnicity got lower scores on adaptability.3)The children of Uyghur ethnicity got higher scores on the behavioral problems and the urge-restlessness of PSQ.And the children of Kazakand ethnicity got lower scores on the anxiety. Conclusion The Results manifested the Uyghur ethnicity,Kazakand ethnicity and Han ethnicity children are different in the children temperament,the behavior problems and parental rearing patterns.