Objective To observe the correlation between the asthma predictive index (API) and bronchiolitis at the first in infants and the forthcoming repeated wheezing. Methods A total of 146 patients with bronchiolitis from inpatient or outpatient pediatric first were randomly divided into API positive group( 64)and API negative group(82).The two groups were treated with the same comprehensive treatment,to compare the severity of wheezing at the first in infants with two groups.The incidence of wheezing between two groups were analyzed after 1 year follow-up.Moreover,the all risk factors of wheezing in infants were analyzed by single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis after 1 year follow-up. Results The severity and the incidence of wheezing at the first in API positive group were higher than those of API negative group(all P<0.05).The single factor analysis showed that repeated wheezing was associated with inhaled allergens,parental history of asthma,allergic dermatitis (eczema),eosinophil count,eating allergens,allergic family history,respiratory syncytial virus infection,often crying,passive smoking,breast feeding and other factors(P<0.05) and had no associated with cesarean section and feeding pets(P＞0.05).The multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factor for wheezing included API positive,family history of allergies,respiratory syncytial virus infection,passive smoking and often crying.Moreover,the independent protective factor for wheezing was breast feeding. Conclusion The incidence of infant bronchiolitis and later repeated wheezing are associated with many factors,among which API is the most obvious.