Objective To explore the effect ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on inflammatory Cytokine and immune function in children with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods A total of 50 children with AP were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition(EEN) group (25 cases) and EEN combined with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids group (25 cases).Two group within 48 h of hospitalization in patients with inhibitors of trypsin secretio,antacids,and anti-infective treatment,assisted by endoscopy,the nasojejunal feeding tube was placed in the Treitz ligament distal,continuous pump into the rice soup and pepetmen junior nutrition for 24 h.The treatment group was treated with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for 2 weeks.Before enteral nutrition treatment and then 7 and 14 days after treatment,blood samples were collected for analysis of interleukin-1 (IL-1),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),NK-cells activity and peripheral blood CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio. Results Two groups of children were all tolerated EEN.The levels of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased in 2 groups,while the activity of NK cells and CD8⁺/CD4⁺ ratio decreased significantly in the first groups.After nutrition treatment in the seventh days,compared with the first day of admission,the serum levels of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in the two group were significantly decreased,ω-3 group was a significant decrease.The ω-3 group in patients with NK-cells activity and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio were significantly increased (P<0.05).In the treatment group,the serum amylase,lipase and APACHE II score decreased obviously (P<0.05). Conclusion EEN is safe and feasible for children with acute pancreatitis,EEN combined with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can controll early inflammatory response and balance the role of T cells,and reduce the inflammatory cytokine and regulate cellular immune function in children with acute pancreatitis.