Objectives To analyze the secular trend of the anemia in Chinese Han students and to examine the associations between nutritional status and anemia,hoping to provide parameter for the prevention of anemia. Methods Subjects were Han students aged 7,9,12,14 and 17 years old sampled from 2000,2005 and 2010 Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health.World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for screening anemia (2001) was used.Nutritional status was defined according to body mass index (BMI) and skinfold thickness respectively.The changes of prevalence of anemia were analyzed,and logistic regression was used to assess the associations between anemia and nutritional status. Results During the past 10 years,prevalence of anemia had declined significantly (P<0.001).In 2010,prevalence of anemia among Chinese students maintained the trends that prevalence among girls was higher than that among boys,and prevalence among students in rural area exceeded that in urban area.Specifically,prevalences of anemia among four groups of students (urban boys,urban girls,rural boys and rural girls) were 6.9%,11.2%,8.8% and 12.7%,respectively.From 7 to 9 years old,the prevalence of anemia among girls and boys in both areas dropped.From 9 to 17 years old,the prevalence of anemia among boys showed no significant trend,while that among girls showed an upward trend with the increase of age.Logistic regression analysis confirmed that students with low skinfold thickness gained a higher risk of anemia than those with normal skinfold thickness (OR=1.18,95%CI:1.09~1.26),and this trend was also significant when stratified by sex.However,when nutritional status was classified by using BMI,there was no significant difference between the thinness group and the normal group in prevalence of anemia. Conclusions The prevention and treatment of anemia among Han students is entering the "bottleneck" stage.Anemia status is improved with the enhancement of nutritional status,and the sum of skinfold thickness is more sensitive to predict the presence of anemia than BMI.
Key words
anemia /
nutritional status /
students
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