Objective To study family upbringing style of grade 4~6 school children,and to analyse their effects on depressive disorder. Methods By random sampling,833 students of grade 4～6 in the central Shaanxi were collected.All subjects were investigated by Family Upbringing Style Questionaire (FUSQ) and Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRS). Results 1)Among parents upbringing styles,there were differences in scores of award-penaltyin different sexes,girls` was higher than boys'(P=0.001).The scores of respect-shame,attention-shield,tolerant-acolasia,discipline-control,expect-exaction were statistically significant(P<0.05)in different grades.There were statistically differences in scores of democracy-dictatorship,attention-shield,tolerant-acolasia,discipline-control and expect-exaction(P<0.05)in different family income.In different culture levels of father,there were statistically differences in scores of democracy-dictatorship,tolerant-acolasia, adiscipline-control,and expect-exaction(P<0.05).2)Differences of depressive disorder existed in different sexes,grades,family economic condition and father culture levels(P<0.05).3) Depressive disorder scores of students from grade 6 were related to respect-shame of parents' upbringing style and attention-shield of mother(r=0.167 6,0.161 8,0.172 6).Negative correlation existed between depressive disorder scores of students in general economic condition and democracy-dictatorship,tolerant-acolasia(r=-0.174 2,-0.104 5),and also existed between depressive disorder scores of students whose fathers' culture were primary school education and university education (r=-0.351 2,-0.241 3). Conclusions The negative family upbringing styles are general in primary school students` families,which is a major exogenous factor lead to depressive disorder.It should be paid much attention for parents.