Objective To investigate the present situation of children's passive smoking on the three primary school of urban and suburban in Shizhong district,Jinan,and provide corresponding policy and suggestions to control the children's passive smoking. Methods The 3~6 grade children were surveyed by questionnaire,adopting the method of stratified cluster sampling.The informations included the passive smoking situation of the children,the awareness of the tobacco knowledge and the attitude of the tobacco control and other relevant information. Results The passive smoking rate of all children was 20.8%,the suburban children was 26.2%,the urban children was 18.4%,the difference of two regions was statistically significant,(P<0.01).The difference of the constitute ratio about the urban and suburban children's passive smoking areas was statistically significant (P<0.05).The cognition,attitude and behavior of passive smoking of urban children were better than those of the suburban children.The urban schools and parents' health education of passive smoking were better than the suburban.The urban children's acceptable ways of passive smoking education were parents' or teacher's explanation,newspapers and magazines and posters,radio and television.The suburban children's ways were parents' or teacher's explanation,doctor individual interpretation,broadcasting and TV/on the web. Conclusion The urban and suburban children should be targeted to carry out the tobacco knowledge education to reduce the children's passive smoking rate and obtain satisfactory effect